Capital tax

Capital tax is one of the most significant taxes in Switzerland and is levied by both the cantons and the Confederation. This tax is a direct tax on the wealth of taxpayers and applies to both individuals and legal entities. It is calculated based on the net value of the taxpayer’s assets, including real estate, investments, and financial assets. Capital tax rates vary from canton to canton and can also differ depending on the category of taxpayer (individual or legal entity). Individuals are typically subject to capital tax in the canton where they are domiciled, while companies are subject to capital tax in the canton where their head office is located.

Capital companies’ tax liability

Capital companies are legally independent businesses with their own assets and legal personality. They can be joint-stock companies (AG), limited liability companies (GmbH), partnerships limited by shares (KGaA), or general partnerships (OHG). Capital companies are subject to capital tax in Switzerland. Generally, capital tax is calculated based on the net value of the company, which is determined by subtracting liabilities from the total value of the assets. The capital tax rate varies from canton to canton and depends on the amount of the company’s net value. In addition to capital tax, capital companies are also subject to corporate profit tax. Corporate profit tax is a direct tax on the income of companies, calculated based on the profits made during the fiscal year.

Associations, foundations, and other legal entities’ tax liability

Associations, foundations, and other legal entities are also subject to capital tax in Switzerland. These entities may be subject to capital tax, depending on their legal form and activity. They are typically subject to capital tax in the canton where they are domiciled. Generally, associations, foundations, and other legal entities are subject to capital tax if their social capital or net worth exceeds a certain threshold, which varies among the Swiss cantons. Social capital is defined as the amount of the entity’s own funds, i.e., the difference between its assets and liabilities. Net worth, on the other hand, corresponds to the total value of assets minus the total value of liabilities. The threshold for associations, foundations, and other legal entities to be subject to capital tax is generally higher than that for businesses. The capital tax rates for legal entities can thus vary from canton to canton and may also depend on the purpose and nature of the entity. Associations and foundations are also subject to corporate profit tax in Switzerland. However, the corporate profit tax rates for these entities are generally lower than for capital companies. It should be noted that certain associations, foundations, and other legal entities may benefit from tax exemptions, depending on their social purpose. However, some of these entities may benefit from tax exemptions depending on their social purpose and activity. It is therefore important to inquire about the tax rules applicable to each entity.

Calculation of corporate capital tax in Switzerland

The calculation of corporate capital tax in Switzerland depends on the canton in which the company is established. Generally, capital tax is calculated based on the tax value of the company’s capital, determined based on the company’s assets and liabilities. The tax value is often lower than the real value of the company’s assets, which can be advantageous for businesses. The capital tax rate also varies depending on the canton. Some cantons apply a fixed rate, while others use a progressive rate based on the value of the capital. In some cases, cantons may also apply different rates for foreign and domestic companies. Businesses may also benefit from tax relief such as deductions for capital losses or investments in intangible assets such as patents and trademarks. Companies may also benefit from reduced tax rates for profits reinvested in the business.

Special tax regimes for companies in Switzerland regarding capital tax

In Switzerland, special tax regimes for companies that establish their headquarters or research and development activities encourage investment and innovation. High-tech and innovative companies can benefit from special tax regimes in certain cities and cantons offering reduced tax rates for profits reinvested in the business, as well as tax relief for investments in R&D. These tax regimes are designed to stimulate the local economy and improve Switzerland’s competitiveness by encouraging the creation of new businesses and innovation. Companies that establish their headquarters or R&D activities in Switzerland can thus benefit from favorable tax conditions to promote their growth and long-term success.

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Boulevard Georges-Favon 26

1204 Genève

T. : +41 22 348 32 35